Parental Alienation - South Africa
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  • H.A.P
    • Some of the Behaviors and Actions of a Hostile Parent
    • The Underlying Causes of Hostile–Aggressive Parenting>
      • Anger and Revenge
      • Jealousy and Fear
      • Power and Control
      • Hostile-Aggressive Behaviour as a Court Strategy
      • Lawyers and the Adversarial Court Process
      • Social Workers, Counsellors and Other Health Care Professionals
      • Sole Custody Awards
      • Financial Incentives
      • Mild to Severe Personality or Psychiatric Disorders
      • Third Party Reinforcement or Involvement
      • Family Background
    • Categories of Hostile-Aggressive Parenting>
      • HAP Behaviour - Mild to Moderate Category
      • HAP Behaviour - Severe Category
      • HAP Behaviour - Critical Category
    • Identifying HAP>
      • Identifying and Evaluating “Mild to Moderate” HAP
      • Identifying and Evaluating “Severe” HAP
      • Identifying and Evaluating “Critical” HAP
    • HAP Indicators>
      • High Risk Indicators of HAP
      • Familial Risk Indicators
      • HAP Indicators in a Child
    • An HAP Parent May Invoke Sibling Alienation
    • HAP Parents Often Have A Personal Background
    • Collaborative Community-Based HAP Support Strategies>
      • Schools, Child Care Agencies and their Workers
      • Extended Family, Friends and Community
      • Health Care Professionals
      • Police and Child Welfare Protection Workers
    • HAP and Stockholm Syndrome
    • HAP induced Complex Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (CPTSD)
    • Parental Grief Syndrome (PGS)
    • The Sole Custodial Rights and Responsibilities
    • Stratagies to Stop HAP Parenting
    • Recommended Intervention Stratergies
  • Parental Alienation
    • The Difference Between Parental Alienation and Parental Alienation Syndrome
    • Identifying Alienation>
      • Signs of Alienation in Children
      • Signs of Alienation in Adults
      • Symptoms of Parental Alienation
      • Characteristics of an Alienating Parent
      • Behavioural Manifestations in Alienating Parents
      • How Lawyers can Identify the Symptoms
      • Parental Alienation Includes Certain Features
      • Interactions Observeable in Children After Visits
      • The Alienating Parent's Techniques
      • Risk Factors For Identifying A Custodial Parent to Relocate
      • Other Ways of Carrying Out the Process of Alienation Via Programming
    • The Naive Alienator
    • The Active Alienator
    • The Obsessed Alienator
    • Possible Reasons for Parent Rejection
    • Confirming Suspected Alienation
    • Common Alienation - Related Visitation Problems
    • Management of Visitation
    • Pathological Symptoms Developed by Children
    • Recommendations for Alienated Children
    • Counselling or Mediation
    • Pursuing A Change in Custody
    • Why Parents Give Up Fighting
    • What to DO If Your Child is Being Alienated
    • What NOT to do If Your Child is Being Alienated
  • P.A.S
    • Detection of PAS>
      • Eight Points About PAS
      • The Eight Symptoms of PAS
      • The Eight Symptoms Explained
      • Differential Diagnosis Of The Three Types Of PAS
      • A Child Suffering From PAS May Show Fear Of The Following People
      • PAS Can Be Concluded To Exist In A Person...
    • Brainwashing Techniques>
      • Brainwashing Detection Techniques
      • Eight Stages of the Programming That Culminates in Severe PAS
      • Five Types of Psychological Maltreatment are Adapted for PAS
      • Mood Induction
      • Collaboration
    • Differential Treatment Of The Three Types Of PAS
    • Criteria For Differentiation Between PAS And Bona Fide Abuse
    • Some Experts Consider PAS As A Form Of Child Abuse
    • What Is The Best Way To Deal With PAS
    • PAS Motivators
    • What You Do And Don't Do
    • Alienation in its Severest Forms Require Comprehensive and Resource Intensive Responses
    • Subtle Underlying Complicity Of PAS
    • Primary Symptoms Seen In Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
    • Risk Factors of Parental Alienation Syndrome
    • Guidelines for Assessing Parental Preference in Child-Custody Disputes
  • Domestic Violence
    • Web Definitions of Domestic Violence
    • Physical Abuse Behaviour
    • Emotional And Psychological Abuse>
      • Emotional Abuse by a Father
      • Emotional Abuse by a Mother
    • Sexual Abuse Behaviour
    • Major Warning Signs Of The Abuser
    • More Warning Signs
    • Difference Between Co-Dependancy And The Abuser
    • Myths And Facts About Domestic Violence
    • The Role Society Plays In Helping The Abuser
    • The Tension Building Explosion Model And The Cycle Of Violence
    • How Do You Know If He's Really Changing
  • Personality Disorders
    • Introduction To Personality Disorders
    • Classification Of Personality Disorders Symptoms And Treatments>
      • Paranoid
      • Schizoid
      • Schizotypal
      • Borderline Or Emotionally Unstable
      • Antisocial Or Dissocial
      • Histrionic
      • Narcissistic
      • Obsessive
      • Avoidant
      • Dependant
    • What Causes Personality Disorders?
    • Can Child Abuse Cause Personality Disorders?
    • Help For A Personality Disorder
    • Living With A Personality Disorder
    • What Is A Sociopath?
    • Profile Of A Sociopath
    • Key Symptoms Of A Sociopath
    • Objective Personality Tests
    • Advantages and Disadvantages of Objective Personality Tests
    • Projective Personality Tests
    • Advantages and Disadvantages of Projective Personality Tests
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The sole custodial rights and responsibilities of a parent or the primary guardianship of a parent should be removed on a conditional and limited basis when reasonable and probable evidence would support the following to be true:

• The HAP parent has coached, attempted to coach or has used threats, intimidation or terror to make the child to provide false or misleading information to authorities.  

• The HAP parent has physically harmed the child or has failed to take adequate steps to protect the child from being physically abused by others while under his/her care.  

• The HAP parent has brazenly denied the other parent’s access to the child in violation to a valid court Order or signed agreement.  

• The HAP parent has threatened the child with the use of physical force beyond that considered reasonable as parental discipline.  

• The HAP parent has threatened or is planning to kidnap or to take the child out of the country, province or state against the reasonable wishes of the other parent or against the reasonable wishes of the child.  

• Reasonable evidence would indicate that the HAP parent may be preparing to relocate the child without the consent of the other parent and without evaluating all of the factors that would be considered in the best interest of the child under any of the following situations:  

a) Relocation of the child would require the parents to move legal matters to a new court jurisdiction.

b) Relocation of the child would require that the child attend school in another school district.

c) Relocation of the child would require that the parents drive more than an additional 30 minutes combined by automobile in order to physically exchange the child between one residence and the other.  

• The child is showing the early signs of parental alienation syndrome.  

• The child has inflicting injuries upon himself/herself or has attempted injury to himself/herself and the influence of the HAP parents is suspected to be the cause of the child’s self destructive behaviour.  

• The child is expressing a fear for his/her physical or emotional safety while in the care of the HAP parent.  

• The HAP parent has exposed the child to dangerous or highly undesirable environment such as drugs, alcohol, criminal activity or domestic violence in the home and the potential exists for this environment to continue.  

• The child is expressing a strong desire to not live under the primary control of a parent and where reasonable evidence would suggest that the parent who the child does not want to live under the control of is engaging in HAP behaviours and/or other poor parenting practices and other forms of child maltreatment.  

• The child is expressing a strong desire to live with the parent considered to be the non HAP parent and current reasonable evidence would support this to be in the child’s best interest
.  

Understanding and effectively dealing with Hostile-Aggressive Parenting (HAP) Published by
Family Conflict Resolution Services  
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