High Risk Indicators of HAP
1. The HAP parent has been diagnosed by a qualified health care professional as having Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD).
2. The HAP parent has been diagnosed by a qualified health care professional as having Munchausen Syndrome by Proxy (MSBP).
3. The HAP parent has been under medication and is being administered prescription drugs for depression and/or stress related mental illnesses.
4. The HAP parent has attempted suicide, threatened suicide or has overdosed on drugs as part of a suicide attempt while acting in capacity as parent or caregiver to any child.
5. Any child in the HAP parent’s household has reported being physically or sexually assaulted by the parent’s boyfriend, girlfriend or spouse at the time and information gathered would support this as being a reasonable possibility and that the parent has taken appropriate steps to address the legal or emotion issues of the assault to the expectations of the child’s family and community.
6. Any child in the HAP parent’s household has reported being physically or sexually assaulted by a step sibling or another child who is related to the parent’s boyfriend, girlfriend or spouse at the time and information gathered would support this as being a reasonable possibility and that the parent has taken appropriate steps to address the legal or emotion issues of the assault to the expectations of the child’s family and community.
7. Any child of the HAP parent has self inflicted injuries or mutilation or has attempted suicide while under the care and control of this parent and the child’s actions could be seen as being linked to the HAP parent’s maltreatment of the child or HAP behaviours.
8. The HAP parent has submitted a false statement to police or to the court which can be reasonably shown that the HAP parent knew beforehand was false and intended to do harm to the other parent or subvert the administration of justice.
9. Any child of the HAP parent has made handwritten notes or drawings indicating that they do not like or are fearful of the HAP parent and can provide some reasons to support why he/she made the notes or drawings.
10. Any child of the HAP parent has expressed a desire not to live with the HAP parent or has expressed a desire to spend less time with the HAP parent and can provide reasons to support their wishes.
11. The child of the HAP parent has disclosed through third parties, a fear of reprisal (eg loss of privileges or physical punishment) from the parent or members of that parent’s extended family for disclosure of truthful information.
12. The child has indicated to third parties, a strong distrust and/or dislike of the HAP parent’s extended family members (eg. Grandparents, aunts, uncles, etc.) to third parties.
13. Other members of the HAP parent’s family (such as grandparents, aunts or uncles to the child) have also engaged in Hostile- Aggressive Parenting practices as well.
14. The HAP parent has had other members of their own family (such as grandparents, aunts or uncles to the child), physically assaulted or verbally threaten the other parent.
15. The HAP parent has been involved in family violence involving a boyfriend or girlfriend.
16. Any child of the HAP parent reported to teachers at school or other independent third parties about abuse, neglect or HAP behaviours of the HAP parent.
17. The HAP parent has refused without a good reason, to submit for drug testing when it has been alleged by another credible party that the parent has been taking illegal drugs which may affect the ability of the HAP parent to care for any child in his/her care
18. There has been animosity between siblings in the family and at least one of the siblings has indicated that the animosity between the siblings is caused by the actions or behaviour of this parent and there is information which would support the reasons given by the child.
19. The HAP parent has refused to discuss or to grant permission to obtain an updated copy of all police occurrence reports to their home in order to help disprove allegations of violence or criminal activity in their home.
20. The HAP parent’s child has has indicated a fear or strong dislike of the HAP parent’s boyfriend or girlfriend at the time and can provide reasons which reasonably support their feelings towards the person who their parent is having a relationship with.
21. The HAP parent has a past history of being raised as a child in a home where Hostile-Aggressive Parenting was practiced by the parents in that home.
22. The HAP parent has a past history of being raised in a home where he/she was sexually/physically or emotionally abused as a child.
23. The HAP parent has a documented past history as a perpetrator of physical or emotional child abuse or neglect which has required intervention of a child welfare protection agency.
24. The HAP parent has a past history of perpetrating or participating in paternity fraud where another person was wrongly identified as being the father to a child.
25. There are one or more police occurrence reports which show police have attended the home of the HAP parent to deal with issues of family conflict or violence in the HAP parent’s home.
26. The HAP parent taken out a life insurance policy on the other parent without the knowledge or consent of the other parent.
27. The HAP parent has a child from a previous relationship who has no contact with the other biological or step parent. (This factor is not applicable where death of the other parent is the cause of no contact)
28. The HAP parent has encouraged the other parent to participate in the use of illegal drugs.
29. Any child of the HAP parent has displayed hostility, aggression or dislike towards his/her other parent (includes refusal to visit or to attend an access center) and would appear unable to give consistent and reasonable reasons for their dislike of the other parent.
30. The parent has has been involved in an intimate or live-in relationship with his/her solicitor while family court matters were before the court.
31. The HAP parent has been actively earning income from offering sexual related services in the sex trade industry.
32. The HAP parent has exhibited jealous rages and made unfounded accusations against the other parent of being unfaithful while they were still in a relationship together.
33. A previous spouse of the HAP parent has committed suicide during or after divorce proceedings and reasonable information available would indicate that Hostile-Aggressive Parenting by the parent was present during the dissolution of that relationship.
34. Any child has run away from the HAP parent or defied the existing parenting arrangements in order to spend time with another parent or family member.
35. The HAP parent has been unfaithful to his/her partner and has been involved in a secret affair while being married or in a common-law relationship during the time that he/she was living with their partner.
36. The HAP parent has created a disturbance in the courtroom during court proceedings or has had to be cautioned by the judge for his/her conduct while in the court.
37. The HAP parent has interfered with the administration of justice by intentionally avoiding the service of court documents.
38. The HAP parent (mother only) has impregnated herself using artificial insemination through a qualified medical clinic without the consent of her cohabitating partner at the time.
39. The HAP parent has within the pregnant by someone outside of the current relationship or has impregnated another person outside the relationship while still in a relationship with a current partner.
40. Any child of the HAP parent has exhibited serious behavioural problems or anti-social behaviours, is defiant of any form of authority or has exhibited violence or aggression against others at school or with others in the community.
41. Any child of the HAP parent has failed to acknowledge another parent’s birthday either in person, by phone or by birthday card or note.
42. The HAP parent has violated key clauses contained in a peace bond or bail document by contacting another parent, family member or any other person in regards to issues which are not related directly to any child.
43. The HAP parent has exhibited unusual, obsessive or compulsive behaviour in regards to tending to the children’s needs (such as making the child wear old or second hand clothes when the parent has the money for new, having family members share bath water and other excessive restriction to the child’s use of water, hydro or toiletries in the home).
44. The HAP parent has been arrested or charged by police for driving while under the influence of drugs or alcohol.
45. The HAP parent has been the subject of a family court report which was prepared by an assessor or social worker and the report would provide information which indicates that the HAP parent has acted in a hostile or aggressive manner towards any other parent or child.
46. A child of the HAP parent exhibited a noticeable difference in behaviour and/or mood in the presence of the HAP parent child as compared to when the HAP parent is not present and this has been observed by persons other than the parents.
Taken from: Risk assessment protocol to evaluate the risk of harm to children caused by Hostile-Aggressive Parenting (HAP) (including recommended intervention strategies) Published by: Family Conflict Resolution Services
1. The HAP parent has been diagnosed by a qualified health care professional as having Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD).
2. The HAP parent has been diagnosed by a qualified health care professional as having Munchausen Syndrome by Proxy (MSBP).
3. The HAP parent has been under medication and is being administered prescription drugs for depression and/or stress related mental illnesses.
4. The HAP parent has attempted suicide, threatened suicide or has overdosed on drugs as part of a suicide attempt while acting in capacity as parent or caregiver to any child.
5. Any child in the HAP parent’s household has reported being physically or sexually assaulted by the parent’s boyfriend, girlfriend or spouse at the time and information gathered would support this as being a reasonable possibility and that the parent has taken appropriate steps to address the legal or emotion issues of the assault to the expectations of the child’s family and community.
6. Any child in the HAP parent’s household has reported being physically or sexually assaulted by a step sibling or another child who is related to the parent’s boyfriend, girlfriend or spouse at the time and information gathered would support this as being a reasonable possibility and that the parent has taken appropriate steps to address the legal or emotion issues of the assault to the expectations of the child’s family and community.
7. Any child of the HAP parent has self inflicted injuries or mutilation or has attempted suicide while under the care and control of this parent and the child’s actions could be seen as being linked to the HAP parent’s maltreatment of the child or HAP behaviours.
8. The HAP parent has submitted a false statement to police or to the court which can be reasonably shown that the HAP parent knew beforehand was false and intended to do harm to the other parent or subvert the administration of justice.
9. Any child of the HAP parent has made handwritten notes or drawings indicating that they do not like or are fearful of the HAP parent and can provide some reasons to support why he/she made the notes or drawings.
10. Any child of the HAP parent has expressed a desire not to live with the HAP parent or has expressed a desire to spend less time with the HAP parent and can provide reasons to support their wishes.
11. The child of the HAP parent has disclosed through third parties, a fear of reprisal (eg loss of privileges or physical punishment) from the parent or members of that parent’s extended family for disclosure of truthful information.
12. The child has indicated to third parties, a strong distrust and/or dislike of the HAP parent’s extended family members (eg. Grandparents, aunts, uncles, etc.) to third parties.
13. Other members of the HAP parent’s family (such as grandparents, aunts or uncles to the child) have also engaged in Hostile- Aggressive Parenting practices as well.
14. The HAP parent has had other members of their own family (such as grandparents, aunts or uncles to the child), physically assaulted or verbally threaten the other parent.
15. The HAP parent has been involved in family violence involving a boyfriend or girlfriend.
16. Any child of the HAP parent reported to teachers at school or other independent third parties about abuse, neglect or HAP behaviours of the HAP parent.
17. The HAP parent has refused without a good reason, to submit for drug testing when it has been alleged by another credible party that the parent has been taking illegal drugs which may affect the ability of the HAP parent to care for any child in his/her care
18. There has been animosity between siblings in the family and at least one of the siblings has indicated that the animosity between the siblings is caused by the actions or behaviour of this parent and there is information which would support the reasons given by the child.
19. The HAP parent has refused to discuss or to grant permission to obtain an updated copy of all police occurrence reports to their home in order to help disprove allegations of violence or criminal activity in their home.
20. The HAP parent’s child has has indicated a fear or strong dislike of the HAP parent’s boyfriend or girlfriend at the time and can provide reasons which reasonably support their feelings towards the person who their parent is having a relationship with.
21. The HAP parent has a past history of being raised as a child in a home where Hostile-Aggressive Parenting was practiced by the parents in that home.
22. The HAP parent has a past history of being raised in a home where he/she was sexually/physically or emotionally abused as a child.
23. The HAP parent has a documented past history as a perpetrator of physical or emotional child abuse or neglect which has required intervention of a child welfare protection agency.
24. The HAP parent has a past history of perpetrating or participating in paternity fraud where another person was wrongly identified as being the father to a child.
25. There are one or more police occurrence reports which show police have attended the home of the HAP parent to deal with issues of family conflict or violence in the HAP parent’s home.
26. The HAP parent taken out a life insurance policy on the other parent without the knowledge or consent of the other parent.
27. The HAP parent has a child from a previous relationship who has no contact with the other biological or step parent. (This factor is not applicable where death of the other parent is the cause of no contact)
28. The HAP parent has encouraged the other parent to participate in the use of illegal drugs.
29. Any child of the HAP parent has displayed hostility, aggression or dislike towards his/her other parent (includes refusal to visit or to attend an access center) and would appear unable to give consistent and reasonable reasons for their dislike of the other parent.
30. The parent has has been involved in an intimate or live-in relationship with his/her solicitor while family court matters were before the court.
31. The HAP parent has been actively earning income from offering sexual related services in the sex trade industry.
32. The HAP parent has exhibited jealous rages and made unfounded accusations against the other parent of being unfaithful while they were still in a relationship together.
33. A previous spouse of the HAP parent has committed suicide during or after divorce proceedings and reasonable information available would indicate that Hostile-Aggressive Parenting by the parent was present during the dissolution of that relationship.
34. Any child has run away from the HAP parent or defied the existing parenting arrangements in order to spend time with another parent or family member.
35. The HAP parent has been unfaithful to his/her partner and has been involved in a secret affair while being married or in a common-law relationship during the time that he/she was living with their partner.
36. The HAP parent has created a disturbance in the courtroom during court proceedings or has had to be cautioned by the judge for his/her conduct while in the court.
37. The HAP parent has interfered with the administration of justice by intentionally avoiding the service of court documents.
38. The HAP parent (mother only) has impregnated herself using artificial insemination through a qualified medical clinic without the consent of her cohabitating partner at the time.
39. The HAP parent has within the pregnant by someone outside of the current relationship or has impregnated another person outside the relationship while still in a relationship with a current partner.
40. Any child of the HAP parent has exhibited serious behavioural problems or anti-social behaviours, is defiant of any form of authority or has exhibited violence or aggression against others at school or with others in the community.
41. Any child of the HAP parent has failed to acknowledge another parent’s birthday either in person, by phone or by birthday card or note.
42. The HAP parent has violated key clauses contained in a peace bond or bail document by contacting another parent, family member or any other person in regards to issues which are not related directly to any child.
43. The HAP parent has exhibited unusual, obsessive or compulsive behaviour in regards to tending to the children’s needs (such as making the child wear old or second hand clothes when the parent has the money for new, having family members share bath water and other excessive restriction to the child’s use of water, hydro or toiletries in the home).
44. The HAP parent has been arrested or charged by police for driving while under the influence of drugs or alcohol.
45. The HAP parent has been the subject of a family court report which was prepared by an assessor or social worker and the report would provide information which indicates that the HAP parent has acted in a hostile or aggressive manner towards any other parent or child.
46. A child of the HAP parent exhibited a noticeable difference in behaviour and/or mood in the presence of the HAP parent child as compared to when the HAP parent is not present and this has been observed by persons other than the parents.
Taken from: Risk assessment protocol to evaluate the risk of harm to children caused by Hostile-Aggressive Parenting (HAP) (including recommended intervention strategies) Published by: Family Conflict Resolution Services