Eight points about PAS:

1) PAS can be provoked by conflicts other than custody matters, e.g., child support and relatively trivial differences;  

2) alienation is a gradual and consistent process that is directly related to the time spent alienating;  

3) time is on the side of the alienating parent, who may engage in a host of delay tactics;  

4) slow judgments by courts exacerbate the problem;  

5) alienating parents sometimes use the hint of sexual abuse to discredit the other parent, what Cartwright calls “virtual” allegations of sexual abuse;  

6) judgments by the court which are clear and forceful are required to counter the force of alienation;  

7) children subject to excessive alienation may develop mental illness and  

8) successful parental alienation has profound, long term consequences for the child and other family members which are only beginning to be appreciated  

Cartwright GF: Expanding the parameters of parental alienation syndrome. American Journal of Family Therapy 1993